Quantification of Outdoor Thermal Comfort Levels under Sea Breeze in the Historical City Fabric: The Case of Algiers Casbah

Thermal comfort in cities is an influential factor for citizens’ wellbeing and life quality. Urban microclimate studies have gained popularity following increasing urbanization trends global climate change recent years. fabric morphology traditional represent a unique pattern both spatially climatically. However, few investigated cities’ urban thermal conditions. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the different subspaces of Algiers Casbah’s historic fabric, which falls hot Mediterranean (Csa). This research evaluated human sensation by applying physiological equivalent temperature (PET) index. The methodology used was mixed approach, including field measurements, calculations, survey questionnaire. results indicate presence high-stress level during measurement periods, notable differences between January (ΔPETMax.Jan = 3.7 °C) August (ΔPETMax.Aug 2.2 °C). highest discomfort recorded spaces with collapsed buildings, especially hours day. findings also highlight strong impact sky view on mean radiant (Tmrt) (PET). discusses recommendations ways improve design outdoor relieve heat stress streets cities. Finally, work helps managers heritage conservators rehabilitation policies concerning improvement.